What is the definition of prophage in biology?
: an intracellular form of a bacteriophage in which it is harmless to the host, is usually integrated into the hereditary material of the host, and reproduces when the host does.
What is prophage and lysogeny?
In lysogeny, a virus accesses a host cell but instead of immediately beginning the replication process leading to lysis, enters into a stable state of existence with the host. Phages capable of lysogeny are known as temperate phage or prophage.
How is prophage formed?
Prophages are formed when temperate bacteriophages integrate their DNA into the bacterial chromosome during the lysogenic cycle of the phage infection to bacteria.
What is prophage in the lysogenic cycle?
During the lysogenic cycle, instead of killing the host, the phage genome integrates into the bacterial chromosome and becomes part of the host. The integrated phage genome is called a prophage. A bacterial host with a prophage is called a lysogen.
What is a capsid in biology?
Definition of capsid : the protein shell of a virus particle surrounding its nucleic acid.
What is difference between prophage and temperate phage?
Temperate phage: Phage which can undergo either virion-productive or lysogenic cycles. Prophage: Phage genome that replicates with its host cell while not generating virion progeny.
What is prophage short answer?
During infection a phage attaches to a bacterium and inserts its genetic material into the cell. They then destroy, or lyse, the cell, releasing new phage particles. Lysogenic phages incorporate their nucleic acid into the chromosome of the host cell and replicate with it as a unit without destroying the cell.
What is a capsid in science?
What is the function of prophage?
Prophages are able to do a multitude of things within their respective bacterial strains. Prophages can increase the virulence potential of bacterial strains in both humans and plant pathogens as well as increase the ability of the bacteria to survive in harsh environments.
Is the prophage harmful to the cell?
…a noninfective form called a prophage. He demonstrated that under certain conditions this prophage gives rise to an infective form that causes lysis, or disintegration, of the bacterial cell; the viruses that are released upon the cell’s destruction are capable of infecting other bacterial hosts.
What is the function of the capsid?
A primary function of the capsid is to protect the viral genome from environmental conditions and ultimately to deliver the genome to the interior of a homologous host cell.
What is meant by capsid?
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