What is halogen gas?
A halogen is a chemical element that forms a salt when it reacts with metal. Halogen lamps are illuminated by bulbs that contain a halogen and an inert gas. There are five halogens in the periodic table of chemical elements: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine.
What are some halogen gases?
The halogen elements are fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), astatine (At), and tennessine (Ts).
Why are the halogens gases?
The halogens form homonuclear diatomic molecules (not proven for astatine). Due to relatively weak intermolecular forces, chlorine and fluorine form part of the group known as “elemental gases”. The higher melting points are caused by stronger London dispersion forces resulting from more electrons.
What element is a halogen and a gas?
Physical Properties of Halogens As elements, chlorine and fluorine are gases at room temperature, bromine is a dark orange liquid, and iodine is a dark purple-gray solid. Astatine is so rare that its properties are mostly unknown.
What are halogens simple definition?
Definition of halogen (Entry 1 of 2) : any of the five elements fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine that form part of group VIIA of the periodic table and exist in the free state normally as diatomic molecules.
What is halogen used for?
Halogens are used in the chemical, water and sanitation, plastics, pharmaceutical, pulp and paper, textile, military and oil industries. Bromine, chlorine, fluorine and iodine are chemical intermediates, bleaching agents and disinfectants.
Is hydrogen a halogen?
Hydrogen as a halogen? Hydrogen, like the halogens, has one electron short of a complete outer shell and can form H- ions like Cl- and therefore forms ionic compounds with reactive metals – NaH similar in structure to NaCl. So hydrogen is neither an alkali metal nor halogen.
Is halogen a solid liquid or gas?
Physical Properties of Halogens The halogen group is quite diverse. It includes elements that occur in three different states of matter at room temperature. Fluorine and chlorine are gases, bromine is a liquid, and iodine and astatine are solids.
What are uses of halogens?
What is bromine made of?
The simplest compound of bromine is hydrogen bromide, HBr. It is mainly used in the production of inorganic bromides and alkyl bromides, and as a catalyst for many reactions in organic chemistry. Industrially, it is mainly produced by the reaction of hydrogen gas with bromine gas at 200–400 °C with a platinum catalyst.