What is low sulphur fuel oil?
Heavy fuel oils are referred to as low sulfur fuel oil (LSFO) if their sulfur content is below 1%. Usually these are marine fuel types IFO 180 or IFO 380, which have been desulfurized. Until the end of 2014, ships could still travel through Emission Control Areas (ECAs) with this type of marine fuel.
What is the IMO 2020 regulation?
The new regulations, known as IMO 2020, mandates a maximum sulphur content of 0.5% in marine fuels globally. The driver of this change is the need to reduce the air pollution created in the shipping industry by reducing the Sulphur content of the fuels that ships use.
What is the sulphur Cap 2020?
Known as “IMO 2020”, the rule limits the sulphur in the fuel oil used on board ships operating outside designated emission control areas to 0.50% m/m (mass by mass) – a significant reduction from the previous limit of 3.5%. Before the entry into force of the new limit, most ships were using heavy fuel oil.
What are the new requirement relating to sulfur emission?
In 2020 a new regulation for a 0.50% global sulphur cap for marine fuels will come into force. Under the new global cap, all ships will have to use fuel on board with a sulphur content of no more than 0.50% against the current limit of 3.50% in an effort to reduce the amount of sulphur oxide.
What is low sulphur gas oil used for?
Who can use it? Ultra low sulphur gas oil, also known as red diesel, is extensively used to run off-road vehicles and equipment; tractors for farming and sit-on lawn mowers, horticulture machinery, forestry equipment and even backup generators.
What is high sulphur fuel oil?
High Sulphur Fuel Oil (HSFO) is the bottom of the oil barrel with the lowest priced oil product now that is the alternative to using marine fuels with such low sulphur content. A HSFO have a maximum sulphur content of 3.5%.
What kind of fuel oil is going to be used onboard?
Marine Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) For Ships – Properties, Challenges and Treatment Methods. The basic requirement for any marine engine is to propel a ship or to generate power onboard by using the energy obtained from burning of fuel oil. HFO or heavy fuel oil is the most widely used type of fuels for commercial vessels.
What does Annex 6 Regulation 14 require regarding sulphur oxides?
Annex VI – Regulation 14 – Sulphur oxides (SOx) (1) The sulphur content of any fuel oil used on board ships shall not exceed 4.5% m/m. (5) The sulphur content of fuel oil referred to in paragraph (1) and paragraph (4)(a) of this regulation shall be documented by the supplier as required by regulation 18 of this Annex.
How can you reduce the sulphur content of fuel?
While there are reactions that can reduce fuel sulfur content to 10ppm—the current EU standard—these require high pressure hydrogen, a metal catalyst and temperatures of 400°C. Lower quality, higher sulfur content diesel is often exported to countries with less stringent standards.
How does low sulfur fuel reduce pollution?
Any reduction in sulfur reduces the SO2 and sulfate emitted and, as sulfur levels decline past a certain point, the benefits increase to include total pollutant emissions. Low sulfur fuel (~50 ppm) allows for advanced particulate filter and NOx control technologies to further restrict pollutant emissions.
What is the effect of using a low sulphur fuel in the engine?
Low-sulphur fuels suffer from low lubricity, increasing risk of engine wear and damage. Low viscosity presents challenges with fuel injectors and leakages.
What is MGO marine gas oil?
Marine gasoil (MGO) describes marine fuels that consist exclusively of distillates. Marine gasoil is similar to diesel fuel, but has a higher density. Unlike heavy fuel oil (HFO), marine gasoil does not have to be heated during storage. Marine gasoil and standard heating oil largely share the same properties.