What is a syngeneic tumor model?
Syngeneic mouse models, also known as Allograft mouse tumor systems, consist of tumor tissues derived from the same genetic background as a given mouse strain. As the syngeneic mice retain intact immune systems, they are particularly relevant for studies of immunotherapies.
What does syngeneic mean?
(SIN-jeh-NAY-ik) Having to do with individuals or tissues that have identical genes. For example, identical twins and cells and tissues from them are syngeneic.
What is the difference between allogeneic and syngeneic?
A syngeneic graft is known as an isograft. Related terms include: autogeneic, referring to autotransplantation, also termed autograft, (from one part of the body to another in the same person) allogeneic, referring to allotransplantation or an allograft (from other individual of same species).
What is syngeneic antigen?
Medical Definition of syngeneic : genetically identical especially with respect to antigens or immunological reactions syngeneic tumor cells grafts between syngeneic mice — compare allogeneic, xenogeneic.
What is syngeneic model?
Syngeneic models are allografts immortalized from mouse cancer cell lines, which are then engrafted back into the same inbred immunocompetent mouse strain. The identical host and cell line strain means that tumor rejection doesn’t occur, creating an immunocompetent model for immunotherapy assessment.
What is a syngeneic donor?
Syngeneic. The donor is an identical twin of the patient. This is the simplest source of stem cells. Syngeneic transplants are the least complicated transplants because there is no risk of rejection, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), or tumor in the marrow.
What is an allogenic?
1 usually allogeneic : involving, derived from, or being individuals of the same species that are sufficiently unlike genetically to interact antigenically allogeneic stem cells allogeneic marrow transplantation — compare syngeneic.
What are PDX models?
Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) are models of cancer where the tissue or cells from a patient’s tumor are implanted into an immunedeficient or humanized mouse. PDX models simulate human tumor biology allowing for natural cancer progression, and offer the most translational research model for evaluating efficacy.
What is orthotopic model?
Orthotopic models involve implantation of tumor cell lines or patient-derived cell xenografts into animal tumor models into the organ or tissue which matches the tumor histotype. This creates a more disease-relevant environment for the assessment of tumor growth, which can be analyzed by optical imaging.
What is myeloablative therapy?
Listen to pronunciation. (MY-eh-loh-a-BLAY-tiv KEE-moh-THAYR-uh-pee) High-dose chemotherapy that kills cells in the bone marrow, including cancer cells. It lowers the number of normal blood-forming cells in the bone marrow, and can cause severe side effects.
How are syngeneic mouse models used to study cancer?
A syngeneic mouse model (e.g., 4T1 and MC38 cell lines), however, provides an effective approach for studying how cancer therapies perform in the presence of a functional immune system. Figure 1: Diagram of syngeneic mouse models. Tumor tissue of the same (murine) genetic background is implanted into a mouse with an intact native immune system.
When was the first syngeneic tumor model developed?
Syngeneic models have been around a lot longer than the standard cell line derived and patient-derived xenografts (PDX) now commonly used for oncology efficacy studies. Syngeneics were first developed over 50 years ago, some of them from GEMM and spontaneous tumors.
How many syngeneic tumor cell lines are there?
First off is the number of cell lines available. While model panels include 30+ syngeneics, this is a significantly lower number than say human xenograft models available. Certain cancer types (for example lung) are also under represented, meaning not all model types or subtypes are available.
What does it mean when a tumor is syngenic?
Syngenic. This signifies that tumor cells show antigens which are completely new or modified. This forms the basis of Tumor Specific Transplantation Antigens (TSTA) or Tumor Associated Transplant Antigens (TATA).