How homotopic and Enantiotopic protons are differentiated using NMR?
Compare the two structures formed. If they are identical, the protons are homotopic, if they are enantiomers, the protons are enantiotopic, if they are diastereomers then the protons are diastereotopic, if they are structural isomers, the protons are constitutionally heterotopic.
What compounds are homotopic?
Homotopic groups in a chemical compound are equivalent groups. Two groups A and B are homotopic if the molecule remains the same (including stereochemically) when the groups are interchanged with some other atom (such as bromine) while the remaining parts of the molecule stay fixed.
What is a homotopic Proton?
Homotopic, simply means identical. For example, all the protons in ethane are homotopic. If replacing two protons with a different group (X) gives the same compound, the protons are called Homotopic. If replacing two protons with a different group (X) gives a pair of enantiomers, the protons are called Enantiotopic.
How do you identify homotopic Enantiotopic and Diastereotopic?
(Most common) – In NMR spectroscopy:
- homotopic protons have the exact same chemical shift.
- enantiotopic protons have the same chemical shift in the vast majority of situations.
- diastereotopic protons have different chemical shifts in all situations.
What are heterotopic protons?
For example, replacing the following two protons with another group gives two constitutional isomers, that is why they are called constitutionally heterotopic or simply heterotopic protons: To summarize, homotopic and enantiotopic protons are chemically equivalent and give one signal.
How can you distinguish among homotopic Enantiotopic and Diastereotopic protons with the help of NMR with proper examples?
Which compound contains Diastereotopic protons?
1,2-dichloropropane
These hydrogen atoms are diastereotopic and are chemically non-equivalent. Diastereotopic protons will give different signals in the spectrum. Diastereomerism also occurs in saturated acyclic compounds; for example, 1,2-dichloropropane is a simple compound that contains diastereotopic protons.
What is a Homotopic Proton?
How do you identify Homotopic Enantiotopic and Diastereotopic?
What is homotopic in chemistry?
Homotopic: Atoms or groups that are equivalent. The hydrogen atoms of methane are homotopic. Replacement of any one of the four hydrogen atoms with a bromine atom gives the same compound, bromomethane.