Is LGI1 a limbic encephalitis?
Leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) antibody encephalitis is a rare autoimmune voltage-gated potassium channel complex (VGKC) antibody-associated limbic encephalitis. Specifically, it is classified as an antineuronal surface antigen- or antisynaptic protein-associated autoimmune encephalitis [1].
What is LGI1 encephalitis?
LGI1 LE is an autoimmune encephalitis whose clinical manifestations are memory deterioration, FBDS, epileptic seizure, mental disorders, and hyponatremia. Brain MRI shows that this autoimmune disease mainly involves the mediotemporal lobe and the hippocampus.
What causes LGI1 encephalitis?
If the brain is the mistaken region, the antibody attack produces an autoimmune encephalitis. When the antibodies target LGI1 (leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1) or CASPR2 (contactin-associated protein 2), they cause an encephalitis often termed ‘limbic encephalitis (LE)’.
How many people have anti NMDA encephalitis?
Although this is a rare disease (one affected out of 1.5 million people per year), anti NMDAR encephalitis is the best known and probably the most common autoimmune encephalitis.
How rare is LGI1?
According to studies done previously, LGI1 encephalitis accounts for 11.2% of all autoimmune encephalitis cases. European studies have shown that the peak age of onset is between 61 and 64 years and that it is more prevalent in males, which accounted for about 55-66% of the patients [4].
Can you fully recover from encephalitis?
Most people who have mild encephalitis fully recover. The most appropriate treatment and the patient’s chance of recovery depend on the virus involved and the severity of the inflammation.