How does TIMP inhibit MMP?
These pro-enzymes bind to TIMPs in an interaction between the carboxy-terminal non-inhibitory domain of the TIMP and the carboxy-terminal hemopexin domain of the proMMP. These complexes act as MMP inhibitors because the amino-terminal inhibitory domain of TIMPs is not blocked.
How do I inhibit MMP?
One mechanism to inhibit MMP activity is by dislodging the enzymes from their receptors. Gold salts bind to a heavy metal site distinct form the zinc-containing active center, which inhibits their activity. MMP activity can be decreased by binding to the cleavage site on the substrate e.g. catechin.
What does MMP-2 degrade?
MMP-2, or gelatinase A, is another MMP found to be important in AAA pathogenesis. It too has the capacity to degrade elastin, but unlike MMP-9, it can degrade intact fibrillar collagen.
What is the function of TIMP?
Independent of MMP inhibition, TIMPs act as signaling molecules with cytokine-like activities thereby influencing various biological processes including cell growth, apoptosis, differentiation, angiogenesis, and oncogenesis.
What is TIMP?
TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1, also known as TIMP1, a tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases, is a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 28 kDa. The glycoprotein is a natural inhibitor of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a group of peptidases involved in degradation of the extracellular matrix.
What is a TIMP?
plural noun. (sometimes functioning as singular) a set of kettledrums, two or more in number. Often (informal) shortened to: timps.
What are MMP enzymes?
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of enzymes that in concert are responsible for the degradation of most extracellular matrix proteins during organogenesis, growth and normal tissue turnover.
What is an MMP 13 inhibitor?
Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), an important member of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) family, plays a vital role by degrading type II collagen in articular cartilage and bone in OA. Thus, developing selective MMP-13 inhibitors is a potential strategy for the therapy of OA.
Is TIMP a cytokine?
These cytokine-like activities of TIMPs include the modulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and angiogenesis [15]. The present review summarizes recent progress in the understanding of TIMP-1’s activity as a cytokine with a focus on signaling pathways mediating its multiple effects in cells.