Is Burkholderia pseudomallei oxidase positive?
A. Burkholderia pseudomallei is an oxidase-positive, aerobic gram-negative bacillus that is straight or slightly curved. The organism will grow on most standard laboratory media, such as sheep blood and chocolate and MacConkey agars, and it produces a characteristic musty odor (8).
Is Burkholderia catalase positive or negative?
cepacia and B. fungorum) is renowned for being catalase positive (affecting patients with chronic granulomatous disease) and its ability to degrade chlororganic pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls.
Who discovered Burkholderia pseudomallei?
Background and History. The pathologist Alfred Whitmore and his assistant C. S. Krishnaswami first described melioidosis as a “glanders-like” disease among morphia addicts in Rangoon, Burma, in 1911 (474, 475).
Where is Burkholderia pseudomallei found?
The disease is caused by the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. It is predominately a disease of tropical climates, especially in Southeast Asia and northern Australia where it is widespread. The bacteria causing melioidosis are found in contaminated water and soil.
Is Burkholderia pseudomallei motile?
Burkholderia pseudomallei, a facultatively intracellular pathogen, is a flagellated and motile gram-negative bacterium and is the causative agent of melioidosis in humans.
What are the symptoms of melioidosis?
Symptoms of melioidosis
- cough with normal sputum (the mixture of saliva and mucus that can rise into the throat from coughing) or no sputum, called a nonproductive cough.
- chest pain during breathing.
- high fever.
- headache and general muscle soreness.
- weight loss.
Is Burkholderia cepacia oxidase positive or negative?
cepacia and B. gladioli strains were positive in the oxidase assay. The results of growth analyses with selective agar plates are shown in Table 2.
Is Burkholderia pseudomallei contagious?
Burkholderia pseudomallei, the bacteria that causes Melioidosis (or Whitmore’s disease), was first discovered in 1911 by pathologist Alfred Whitmore and his assistant. What is Melioidosis? Melioidosis is a highly contagious disease primarily infecting people in areas with agriculture and farming.
What are the symptoms of Burkholderia pseudomallei?
pseudomallei, the cause of melioidosis, has been identified as a potential biological weapon….Its symptoms include:
- fever, especially with shivers and sweating (rigors)
- headache.
- sore throat.
- breathing problems, including shortness of breath.
- upper abdominal pain.
- diarrhea.
- joint pain and muscle tenderness.
- disorientation.
How does Burkholderia pseudomallei enter the body?
The bacteria usually enter the body through the eyes, nose, mouth, cracked skin, or cuts. Direct contact with the skin can lead to a localized cutaneous infection. Inhalation leads to pneumonia, septicemia, or disseminated abscesses in muscle, liver, and spleen – a pattern similar to that of melioidosis.
Is Burkholderia pseudomallei a lactose fermenter?
It is a lactose fermenter on MacConkey agar. d. Colonies on sheep blood agar at 48 hours appear small, smooth, and cream colored, and the organism is susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. pseudomallei is susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, which can be useful for confirming its identification.
What causes Burkholderia pseudomallei?
The cause of this infection is the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, which can be spread through contact with contaminated water and soil. The disease is rare in the United States, but it’s a public health problem in Southeast Asia, northern Australia, and other places with a tropical climate.
What kind of organism is Burkholderia pseudomallei?
Burkholderia pseudomallei is a saprophytic motile, aerobic, non–spore-forming, gram-negative bacillus and the causative bacterium of the human disease melioidosis.
How big is the genome of B pseudomallei?
The genome of B. pseudomallei is one of the largest and most complex bacterial genomes yet sequenced. It comprises 7.24 Mb, divided unequally between two circular chromosomes (4.07 Mb and 3.17 Mb) encoding ~5800 genes with an overall G + C content of 68%.
What kind of exotoxin does Pseudomonas pseudomallei produce?
Pseudomonas pseudomallei has a classical endotoxin, produces a heat-labile, lethal exotoxin, and produces several extracellular enzymes with the potential to damage tissue ( Dance, 1990 ).