What is LNG recondenser?
Recondense Boil-Off Gas. Boil-off gas (BOG) is a by-product generated during the transport of liquefied natural gas (LNG) in LNG carriers and during the offloading and storage of LNG in receiving and regasification terminals. Typically, excess BOG is recondensed and recirculated as LNG.
What is LNG regasification process?
Regasification is a process of converting liquefied natural gas (LNG) at −162 °C (−260 °F) temperature back to natural gas at atmospheric temperature. LNG gasification plants can be located on land as well as on floating barges.
How does LNG terminal work?
of LNG are provided at these terminals. Natural gas is transported in liquified state using LNG gas tankers. At LNG terminals, the liquified natural gas is turned back into gaseous state (regasified) after unloading from ships and then distributed across the network.
What is boil-off gas?
marine. LNG tankers are designed to carry natural gas in liquid form at a temperature of – 163°C, close to the vaporization temperature. Despite tank insulation designed to limit the admission of external heat, even a small amount of it will cause slight evaporation of the cargo.
What is a Recondenser?
An equipment as a buffer tank for sending LNG to HP Pump and where Boil-off Gas (BOG) is recondensed and returned to liquid by spraying LNG.
How LNG is stored and handled?
Liquefied natural gas is transported in double-hulled ships designed to prevent leakage or rupture in an accident. For most LNG carriers, the cargo is stored in either membrane containment systems made of special materials or in spherical tanks located within the ship’s inner hull.
Why regasification is done?
Liquefied natural gas must be regasified to be used as fuel, power generation, for heating, cooking etc.. This process can be done in different ways, which is explained in the article.
What is regasification capacity?
Japan had the world’s largest liquefied natural gas (LNG) regasification capacity in 2020, at 210.5 million metric tons per year. Regasification is the process of converting liquefied natural gas at a temperature of -162 degrees Celsius (-260 degrees Fahrenheit) back into natural gas at atmospheric temperature.
What happens at a gas terminal?
Terminal facilities include jetties and piers with articulated loading/unloading arms for transferring LNG between ship and shore. Gas may then be compressed and fed into the local gas network, or it may be routed to the liquefication plant and returned as liquid to the LNG storage tanks.
Is LNG Pressurised?
LNG is mainly composed of methane (approx. 98%) as well as ethane, butane, propane and nitrogen. LNG is not pressurised and can be stored and transported safely and efficiently.
How does LNG stay cold?
LNG is a cryogen, and is kept in its liquid state at very low temperatures. The temperature within the tank will remain constant if the pressure is kept constant by allowing the boil off gas to escape from the tank. This is known as auto-refrigeration.
How boil off from LNG is handled?
To relieve the pressure in LNG tanks, BOG can be re-liquefied, used as fuel or burned in a gasification unit. Reliquefaction occurs when evaporated LNG is cooled and reverted back to its liquid state. However this presents its own problems. Reliquefaction requires a lot of equipment, meaning tanks become very large.
How is liquid level controlled in LNG recondenser?
The BOG flow to the LNG recondenser is divided between the packed section and the annular space. The flow to annular space is controlled to maintain the pressure. The liquid level in the vessel is controlled by varying the inlet LNG flow rate. The packed bed liquid level
Why is LNG sent back to the bog recondenser?
Directing the recycle back to the LNG storage tanks provides the advantage of no disturbance to the BOG recondenser operation, such as an impact on pressure and level control. It also allows for continued sendout of natural gas when the BOG recondenser is out of operation for statutory inspection or maintenance.
What happens when there is no LNG sendout?
When there is no gas sendout, the LNG terminal is in zero sendout mode. In this operational mode, other solutions for BOG handling should be pursued, as the BOG recondenser cannot be operational without LNG sendout for recondensation.
How is LNG used in the LNG regasification process?
LNG regasification its a process of Liquefied Natural Gas conversion back to natural gas at atmospheric temperature. Article covers basic information about this. LNG arms are used for LNG transfer between LNG ship and onshore tanks (i.e., marine vessel unloading).
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RpwWKoiTA5c