What do principal cells respond to?
Principal cells respond to a variety of stimuli to control Na+ and K+ transport. Aldosterone has the most pronounced effect. It acts through the MR to increase expression of the serine-threonine kinase SGK1.
What do principal cells reabsorb?
Principal cells are the main Na+ reabsorbing cells and the site of action of aldosterone, K+-sparing diuretics, and spironolactone.
What do beta intercalated cells do?
Specialized cells along the collecting duct—α- and β-intercalated cells—carry out acid or base secretion. The α- and β-intercalated cells are functional mirror images of one another. The α-intercalated cell mediates H+ secretion and the β-intercalated cell HCO3- secretion.
What hormones are intercalated cells sensitive to?
Therefore, we conclude that both pendrin and type B intercalated cell apical anion exchange are greatly stimulated by aldosterone and that the apical Cl−/HCO3− exchange in type B intercalated cells is mainly pendrin-mediated.
Does ADH act on principal cells?
Principal cells also secrete potassium via the ROMK potassium channel. The ability of the cortical collecting duct to absorb water is controlled by antidiuretic hormone (ADH). In the presence of ADH, AQP2-containing vesicles fuse with the apical membrane allowing water to enter the cell.
When ADH is present the collecting duct?
The collecting duct system is under the control of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). When ADH is present, the collecting duct becomes permeable to water. The high osmotic pressure in the medulla (generated by the counter-current multiplier system/loop of Henle) then draws out water from the renal tubule, back to vasa recta.
Where does aldosterone act on the nephron?
distal convoluted tubule
Explanation: The distal convoluted tubule follows the loop of Henle in the nephron structure. In addition to lowering the filtrate concentration, it is also used to reabsorb sodium ions and secrete potassium ions. Aldosterone acts on the distal tubule and further stimulates these two actions.
What do beta intercalated cells secrete?
Abstract. The intercalated cell of collecting ducts of the kidney is of two forms, the α form secretes acid, whereas the β form secretes HCO3.
Why does aldosterone increase bicarb?
Increased aldosterone secretion stimulates the H-ATPase of alpha-intercalated cells of the collecting duct, which causes 1) increased distal tubule H+ secretion, worsening the metabolic alkalosis, and 2) increased generation of “new” bicarbonate within these same cells, which will be reabsorbed.
What action antidiuretic hormone ADH has?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also called arginine vasopressin (AVP), is a hormone that helps regulate water balance in the body by controlling the amount of water the kidneys reabsorb while they are filtering wastes out of the blood. This test measures the amount of ADH in the blood.
What is the role of ADH?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) helps regulate the amount of water in your body. It works to control the amount of water your kidneys reabsorb as they filter out waste from your blood. This hormone is also called arginine vasopressin (AVP).
How does ADH act on the collecting duct?
Antidiuretic hormone binds to receptors on cells in the collecting ducts of the kidney and promotes reabsorption of water back into the circulation. Antidiuretic hormone stimulates water reabsorbtion by stimulating insertion of “water channels” or aquaporins into the membranes of kidney tubules.