What is vancomycin spectrum of activity?
Vancomycin, a useful bactericidal antibiotic for selective clinical infections, is the therapy of choice for serious staphylococcal infections when the penicillins and cephalosporins cannot be used. The antibacterial spectrum of vancomycin also covers other gram-positive cocci and bacteria and gram-negative cocci.
What drug class is oritavancin?
Oritavancin is in a class of medications called lipoglycopeptide antibiotics. It works by killing bacteria. Antibiotics such as oritavancin will not work for colds, flu, and other viral infections.
How long does Orbactiv stay in your system?
In humans, oritavancin is slowly excreted unchanged in feces and urine with less than 1% and 5% of the dose recovered in feces and urine, respectively, after 2 weeks of collection. Oritavancin has a terminal half-life of approximately 245 hours and a clearance of 0.445 L/h based on population pharmacokinetic analyses.
What is Orbactiv used for?
This medication is an antibiotic used to treat serious bacterial infections of the skin. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria.
Is penicillin broad-spectrum?
The term “broad spectrum antibiotics” was originally used to designate antibiotics that were effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, in contrast to penicillin, which is effective chiefly against gram-positive organisms, and streptomycin, which is active primarily against gram-negative bacteria.
How is vancomycin related to penicillin?
Vancomycin is an antibacterial medication in the glycopeptide class. [7] Like penicillin, vancomycin prevents cell wall synthesis in susceptible bacteria. The main difference in the mechanism of action between the two antibiotics is in the binding site of each.
What covers oritavancin?
Oritavancin is active against gram-positive aerobic bacteria such as enterococci, staphylococci, streptococci, and anaerobic bacteria such as Clostridium difficile, C. perfringens, Peptostreptococcus spp., and Propionibacterium acnes.
Who makes oritavancin?
Orbactiv® (oritavancin) for injection | Melinta Therapeutics, Inc.
How is oritavancin administered?
The recommended oritavancin dosage for the treatment of ABSSSI is 1,200 mg administered as a single infusion. The drug is supplied as a powder for solution in three vials, each containing 400 mg; all three vials are required for the recommended dose.
When was oritavancin approved by the FDA?
On August 6, 2014, the FDA announced approval of oritavancin (Orbactiv), a glycopeptide antibiotic for treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections (ABSSIs) in adults.
Is penicillin broad spectrum or narrow-spectrum?
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends penicillin or amoxicillin, which are both narrow-spectrum antibiotics, as first-line therapy for most children with acute otitis media8; however, clinical trials have used amoxicillin-clavulanate, which is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, to compare with placebo for acute …
Is penicillin a narrow-spectrum?
Examples of narrow-spectrum antibiotics are the older penicillins (penG), the macrolides and vancomycin. Examples of broad-spectrum antibiotics are the aminoglycosides, the 2nd and 3rd generation cephalosporins, the quinolones and some synthetic penicillins.
What kind of antibiotic is oritavancin used for?
Oritavancin. Oritavancin ( INN, also known as LY333328, Orbactiv) is a novel semisynthetic glycopeptide antibiotic for the treatment of serious Gram-positive bacterial infections. Its chemical structure as a lipoglycopeptide is similar to vancomycin. In August 2014, the United States FDA approved oritavancin for treatment of skin infections.
How is oritavancin similar to vancomycin and Mic?
Oritavancin’s spectrum of activity shows similarities to vancomycin, but with lower minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC).
Which is more effective for Clostridium difficile or oritavancin?
It possesses potent and rapid bactericidal activity in vitro against a broad spectrum of both resistant and susceptible Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, enterococci, and streptococci. Oritavancin was more active than either metronidazole or vancomycin against strains of Clostridium difficile tested.
When did oritavancin get approved for skin infections?
In 2009, The Medicines Company acquired the development rights, completed clinical trials and submitted a new drug application to the FDA in February 2014. On August 6, 2014, the United States FDA approved oritavancin to treat skin infections.