What is APCI LNG?
(APCI), is composed of a multistage propane (C3) precooling system followed by liquefaction using an MR system of nitrogen, methane, ethane and propane. The heart of the APCI C3MR process, which features thermal efficiencies of more than 93%, is its proprietary spiral-wound heat exchanger (SWHE).
What is an LNG Offtaker?
The functions of LNG receiving and offtake terminals are to receive and store LNG and to supply it as city gas, fuel for power generation, industrial fuel or raw materials.
What is Feedgas?
Feed Gas means Natural Gas that is provided to be used for processing to produce LNG, not including Fuel Gas.
Which method of air liquefaction is more efficient?
But, the only difference between Linde Claude’s process of liquefaction of air, or other gases is that in Claude’s process there is an isentropic expansion. That’s why Claude’s process is more efficient than Linde’s process.
What is mixed refrigerant in LNG?
The working fluid in mixed refrigerant cycles (also referred to as mixed gas refrigeration) is composed of two or more components rather than a single pure fluid, such as helium. The refrigerant mixtures used depend on the operating temperature of the system.
What is a gas offtake?
As used in project financing, an agreement to purchase all or a substantial part of the output or product produced by a project. By contrast, if the project is the construction of a pipeline, the output agreement would be a gas or oil transportation agreement.
Who invented LNG?
scientist Michael Faraday
The LNG process was first discovered in 1820 by British scientist Michael Faraday who successfully chilled natural gas to turn it into a liquefied form. Around 100 years later, the first LNG plant was constructed in West Virginia.
What are the two main contractual arrangements used in LNG shipping?
Shipping terms and title to the LNG The most commonly used delivery terms in LNG SPAs are delivery ‘free on board’ (FOB) and delivery ‘ex ship’ (DES). (The DES term was eliminated from Incoterms 2010 and parties appear now to be using ‘delivered at terminal’ (DAT) in more recent agreements.)
What is Claude method?
A process for liquefying air on a commercial basis. Air under pressure is used as the working substance in a piston engine, where it does external work and cools adiabatically. This cool air is fed to a counter-current heat exchanger, where it reduces the temperature of the next intake of high-pressure air.
When did RasGas Train 1 start producing LNG?
RasGas train1 started production in 1999 and its first LNG cargo was delivered to Korea Gas Corporation (KOGAS) in August 1999. The next year, RasGas train 2 also began operations.
How much LNG does RasGas produce per day?
The facility produces 6.6 MMTPA of LNG, in addition to a daily produce of 44,000 barrels of stabilised field condensate, 4000 barrels of plant condensate and 200 tonnes of granulated sulfur. The plant is fed from 3 wellhead platforms with 15 offshore wells of 1.2 billion standard cubic feet per day (bscfd) capacity.
Why did GE choose to make RasGas 1?
During the design phase of RasGas 1, dual-shaft industrial gas turbines (GE Frame 5) were a popular choice due to their ability to control the speed of the power turbine independently from the gas generator, resulting in better process and operation flexibility.
Who is the owner of Ras Laffan LNG?
Ras Laffan LNG, commonly known as RasGas, was the name of one of the two initial LNG projects in Qatar, which were founded in and together with the Ras Laffan Industrial Complex in the 1990s. The project was initiated by Qatargas together with its partner ExxonMobil, and later also included other foreign investors.