What is diffusion in physical metallurgy?
Diffusion in solids is an important topic of physical metallurgy and materials science. Diffusion processes play a key role in the kinetics of many microstruc- tural changes that occur during processing of metals, alloys, ceramics, semi- conductors, glasses, and polymers.
What are the typical practical applications of diffusion mechanisms?
Application Examples Processes that rely on diffusion mechanisms include case hardening such as boronizing (the addition of boron), carbonitriding (the addition of carbon and nitrogen), carburizing (the addition of carbon) and nitrocarburizing (the addition of nitrogen and carbon).
What is diffusion in metal?
Metal diffusion bonding, also known as Thermo compression bonding (TCB), is a direct solid-state diffusion bonding process and is based on atomic contact. In this bonding technique, two metals are brought into contact by applying heat and force simultaneously after which the atoms diffuse to form the bond interface.
Why is diffusion important in materials?
Diffusion is an important mode of mass transport in solids where atoms move to form compounds and find lattice positions. Charges and defects can also diffuse.
What are the mechanisms of diffusion?
Diffusion can occur by two different mechanisms: interstitial diffusion and substitutional diffusion.
What are the applications of diffusion?
Some example applications of diffusion:
- Sintering to produce solid materials (powder metallurgy, production of ceramics)
- Chemical reactor design.
- Catalyst design in chemical industry.
- Steel can be diffused (e.g., with carbon or nitrogen) to modify its properties.
- Doping during production of semiconductors.
Where is diffusion used in the body?
lungs
Diffusion is very important in the body for the movement of substances eg the movement of oxygen from the air into the blood and carbon dioxide out of the blood into the air in the lungs, or the movement of glucose from the blood to the cells.
What is diffusion and its applications?
diffusion, process resulting from random motion of molecules by which there is a net flow of matter from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration. A familiar example is the perfume of a flower that quickly permeates the still air of a room.