What bacteria causes catheter-associated urinary tract infections?
Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) represent the most common type of nosocomial infection and are a major health concern due to the complications and frequent recurrence. These infections are often caused by Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis.
What are complications of ureteroscopy?
Complications of ureteroscopy have been categorized into minor and major events: minor complications include asymptomatic ureteral perforations, ileus, and fever, whereas major complications, which are more often associated with stone extractions, include tears, perforations during basketing, and, rarely, avulsions.
What are the complications of pyelonephritis?
Acute pyelonephritis can have several complications such as renal or perinephric abscess formation, sepsis, renal vein thrombosis, papillary necrosis, or acute renal failure, with one of the more serious complications being emphysematous pyelonephritis.
What are the risks associated with using urinary catheters?
The main risk of using a urinary catheter is that it can sometimes allow bacteria to enter your body. This can cause an infection in the urethra, bladder or, less commonly, in the kidneys. These types of infection are known as urinary tract infections (UTIs).
What is Anuric renal failure?
Anuria, sometimes called anuresis, refers to the lack of urine production. This can happen as a result of conditions like shock, severe blood loss and failure of your heart or kidneys. It can also be due to medications or toxins. Anuria is an emergency and can be life-threatening.
What are potential complications of kidney stones?
What are the possible complications of nephrolithiasis?
- Abscess formation.
- Serious infection of the kidney that diminishes renal function.
- Urinary fistula formation.
- Ureteral scarring and stenosis.
- Ureteral perforation.
- Extravasation.
- Urosepsis.
- Renal loss due to long-standing obstruction.
What is a bilateral retrograde pyelogram?
A retrograde pyelogram is an imaging test that uses X-rays to look at your bladder, ureters, and kidneys. The ureters are the long tubes that connect your kidneys to your bladder. This test is usually done during a test called cystoscopy. It uses an endoscope, which is a long, flexible, lighted tube.
What are the complications of kidney infection?
If left untreated, a kidney infection can lead to potentially serious complications, such as: Kidney scarring. This can lead to chronic kidney disease, high blood pressure and kidney failure. Blood poisoning (septicemia).
What is the definition of kidney disease?
Kidney disease means your kidneys are damaged and can’t filter blood the way they should. You are at greater risk for kidney disease if you have diabetes or high blood pressure. If you experience kidney failure, treatments include kidney transplant or dialysis.
What are the side effects of retrograde pyelogram?
Possible complications of retrograde pyelogram include: 1 Sepsis 2 Urinary tract infection 3 Bladder tear 4 Bleeding 5 Nausea or vomiting
Can a retrograde pyelogram be done for sepsis?
A ureteral stent can be placed in the ureter to help urine flow past a blockage that won’t clear or through a narrowed portion of the ureter. This can prevent infection (sepsis). A retrograde pyelogram is performed by injecting dye into a thin tube (catheter) into opening of ureter (tube draining kidney into bladder).
How to prepare for stent placement retrograde pyelogram?
There is no particular preparation for stent placement or for retrograde pyelogram. It is necessary, as with any procedure or operation requiring anesthesia, that you have not eaten for at least eight hours prior to the scheduled time.
How are kidney stones diagnosed in retrograde pyelogram?
Kidney stones can block the flow of urine and cause it to back up into the kidneys, potentially even overflowing into surrounding tissues. Diagnosing kidney stones is based on the pain of the patient and by viewing the stones on an X-ray such as intravenous pyelography or retrograde pyelography.