How does androgen cause PCOS?
Hyperandrogenism is the defining feature of women with PCOS. It is caused by the disruption of normal ovarian or adrenal function resulting in the production of excess androgens. The first impact of androgen excess in PCOS is impaired folliculogenesis.
What is the underlying pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome?
The complex pathophysiology of PCOS involves the interaction of genetic and epigenetic changes, primary ovarian abnormalities, neuroendocrine alterations, and endocrine and metabolic modifiers such as anti-Müllerian hormone, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, adiposity, and adiponectin levels.
Which hormones are altered in the polycystic ovary syndrome?
Hormones, which include gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH), insulin, the leutinizing/follicle-stimulating hormone (LH/FSH) ratio, androgens, estrogens, growth hormones (GH), cortisol, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin are disturbed in PCOS women.
What is the mechanism of PCOS?
1) An alteration in gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion results in increased luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion. 2) An alteration in insulin secretion and insulin action results in hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. 3) A defect in androgen synthesis that results in increased ovarian androgen production.
What causes polycystic ovaries?
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), also known as polycystic ovarian syndrome, is a common health problem caused by an imbalance of reproductive hormones. The hormonal imbalance creates problems in the ovaries. The ovaries make the egg that is released each month as part of a healthy menstrual cycle.
What are the risk factors of polycystic ovary syndrome?
Results of the study indicates that the risk factors for PCOS including irregular menstruation, family history of infertility and diabetes, mother’s irregular menstruation, unpleasant mood, and lack of physical exercise.
Who is at risk for PCOS?
Most women find out they have PCOS in their 20s and 30s, when they have problems getting pregnant and see their doctor. But PCOS can happen at any age after puberty. Women of all races and ethnicities are at risk of PCOS.
Why does anovulation occur in PCOS?
Anovulation is the lack or absence of ovulation (the release of an egg). It is a common cause of infertility. Anovulation is often the result of an imbalance of the hormones that cause a woman to ovulate and may be part of the condition polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).